Viewpoint oriented requirements

Coherence home Ethnography in systems design Viewpoint oriented requirements Use case and OO analysis Coherence papers Bibliography		Viewpoint oriented requirements Viewpoints are used in Coherence as a means of structuring the information gained as a result of an ethnographically informed requirements elicitation process. The viewpoints referred to here result from work which culminated in the REAIMS project's PREview module [14; 15]. In PREview, viewpoints are encapsulations of information about a system or process, i.e. about some aspect of the workplace under analysis. Each viewpoint is a partial analysis of the workplace, as seen from a particular perspective or focus. The complete analysis of the workplace is obtained through integrating and reconciling the multiple viewpoint analyses. A viewpoint, as defined in PREview, consists of the following components: Name. An identifier, used to refer to the viewpoint, and usually chosen to reflect the focus of the viewpoint. Focus. A statement of the perspective adopted by the viewpoint. Concerns The organizational goals and constraints which drive the analysis process. Sources. The sources of information associated with the viewpoint. The sources may be people, documents, requirements, other viewpoints, and so on. Analysis. The analysis of the system or process as seen from the focus of the viewpoint. The main feature that distinguishes PREview from other viewpoint approaches is its use of concerns to drive the analysis, and to reflect the goals of the organization. Concerns cut across viewpoints, driving the analysis process, or acting as global requirements which must be satisfied. This structure of viewpoints and concerns is adopted in Coherence, although some of the analysis is simplified due to the focus on the social aspects of the system. Coherence initially deals with three social viewpoints, namely: Distributed coordination; Plans and procedures; and Awareness of work. These viewpoints have been arrived at as a result of cumulative experiences of performing ethnographic studies in a variety of situations. Similarly, a number of concerns are also built into Coherence's viewpoints framework, namely: paperwork and computer work; skill and the use of local knowledge; spatial and temporal organization; and organizational memory. By adopting the viewpoints framework, Coherence provides a means of integrating analysis of the social aspects of a workplace with the typically more technical concerns for design of a system to support the work that takes place within it.
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